When an amendment is proposed, what is the next step if it passes in Congress?

• A. It goes to the Supreme Court
• B. State legislatures must vote to approve it
• C. It is discarded
• D. Presidential approval is needed

Answer: (B)

When an amendment is proposed and successfully passes in Congress, the next step is for state legislatures to vote to approve it. This process follows the requirements set forth in Article V of the U.S. Constitution, which stipulates that an amendment must be ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures or by conventions in three-fourths of the states. This requirement emphasizes the role of both federal and state entities in the amendment process, ensuring that changes to the Constitution reflect a broad consensus across the country. The involvement of state legislatures is significant because it acknowledges the federal structure of the government, balancing power between the national and state levels.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately represent the amendment process. The Supreme Court does not get involved at this stage, as its role pertains to interpreting the Constitution rather than participating in the amendment process. Discarding an amendment after it passes in Congress is not an option, as it must be ratified by the states or it cannot become law. Lastly, presidential approval is not required for constitutional amendments; the process is distinct from the legislative process for ordinary laws, which do require the president's signature.